CHEMISTRY IMPORTANT TOPICS AND QUICK TIPS FOR BOARD EXAMS
CBSE Board exams are just around the corner. Students are busy with their revisions and trying to get the most out of their study hours these days.
But you do not need to panic as we are here with some Most Important Topics from each chapter of Chemistry and quick tips that will help you to prepare intelligently for the exams. Even if you have left out certain chapters for last minute preparations or revisions, these tips will help you get through them better.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Chapter 1: Solid State
Important Topics:
1. Number of octahedral voids = Number of atoms and Number of tetrahedral voids = Twice the number of atoms
2. For unit cell dimension the important formula is M = dNaa3/ z
3. Imperfections in solids
4. Explain
the terms
(a) Lattice
Point
(b) Crystal
Lattice
(c) Unit
cell
5. Explain
the difference in Conductor, Insulator and semi – conductor in terms of Band
Theory.
Quick Tip : Read the definitions given in the NCERT book for the terms Pseudo solids or Supercooled liquids, isotropic and anisotropic solids, molecular solids, Bravais lattice.
Quick Tip : Read the definitions given in the NCERT book for the terms Pseudo solids or Supercooled liquids, isotropic and anisotropic solids, molecular solids, Bravais lattice.
Chapter 2: Solutions
Important Topics:
1. Raoult’s law
2. Dalton’s law of partial pressure
3. Henry’s law
4. Molarity
= (Moles of solute/ volume of solution in litres)
5. Molality = Moles of solute/ Mass of solvent in kg
6. Mass % = (Mass of component in solution/ Total mass of the solution) ✕ 100
7. Volume % = (Volume of component in solution/ Total volume of the solution) ✕ 100
8. ppm = (No. of parts of the component/ Total no. of parts of all components of solution) ✕100
9. Mole fraction = No. of moles of component/ Total no. of moles of all components
10. Relative Lowering of vapour pressure
11. Elevation of boiling point
12. Depression of freezing point
13. Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure
14. Important graphs
Read More : Most Important Derivations in CBSE Class 12 Physics
5. Molality = Moles of solute/ Mass of solvent in kg
6. Mass % = (Mass of component in solution/ Total mass of the solution) ✕ 100
7. Volume % = (Volume of component in solution/ Total volume of the solution) ✕ 100
8. ppm = (No. of parts of the component/ Total no. of parts of all components of solution) ✕100
9. Mole fraction = No. of moles of component/ Total no. of moles of all components
10. Relative Lowering of vapour pressure
11. Elevation of boiling point
12. Depression of freezing point
13. Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure
14. Important graphs
Read More : Most Important Derivations in CBSE Class 12 Physics
Chapter 3:
Electrochemistry
Important Topics:
1. Type of cells:
a) Electrochemical cell / Galvanic cell
b) Electrolytic cell
2. Electrode potential
3. Standard electrode potential
4. Cell electromotive force (emf) and Terminal Potential
5. SHE (Standard Hydrogen Electrode)
6. Nernst equation
7. Relation between cell potential and Gibbs energy:
8. Relation between equilibrium constant and Gibbs energy
9. Resistance(R) and Resistivity
10. Specific
conductance/Conductivity
11. Molar Conductivity for Strong Electrolytes
12. Molar Conductivity for Weak Electrolytes
13. Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions
14. Faraday’s law of electrolysis
15. Types of electrodes
a) Inert
b) Active
16. Batteries:
a) Primary
b) Secondary
17. Corrosion
18. Hydrogen Economy
11. Molar Conductivity for Strong Electrolytes
12. Molar Conductivity for Weak Electrolytes
13. Kohlrausch law of independent migration of ions
14. Faraday’s law of electrolysis
15. Types of electrodes
a) Inert
b) Active
16. Batteries:
a) Primary
b) Secondary
17. Corrosion
18. Hydrogen Economy
Chapter 4 – Chemical
Kinetics
Important Topics:
1. First Order Reaction Kinetics
2. Arrhenius Equation
3. Order and Molecularity
Chapter 5: Surface
Chemistry
Important Topics:
1. Distinction between adsorption and absorption
2. Freundlich adsorption isotherm
a) Adsorption from Solution Phase
3. Colloids
4. Emulsions
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Chapter 6: General
Principles and Processes of Isolations of Elements
Important Topics:
1. Metallurgy
2. Ellingham Diagram
3. Mond process for refining nickel
4. Van Arkel Method for refining zirconium or titanium
Chapter 7: The p-Block
Elements
Important Topics:
1. Inert pair effect
2. Disproportionation
3.
Interhalogen compounds
4. Non-metallic hydrides
5. Colour of halogen compounds
6. Non-metallic halides
7. Catenation
8. Structures of Oxoacids: Phosphorus and Sulphur
9. Structures of Fluoride: Sulphur, xenon, bromine
10. Structures of PCl5, H2SO3, H2SO4, H2S2O8, H2S2O7, HOCl, HClO2, HClO34, N2<O5, XeOF4
4. Non-metallic hydrides
5. Colour of halogen compounds
6. Non-metallic halides
7. Catenation
8. Structures of Oxoacids: Phosphorus and Sulphur
9. Structures of Fluoride: Sulphur, xenon, bromine
10. Structures of PCl5, H2SO3, H2SO4, H2S2O8, H2S2O7, HOCl, HClO2, HClO34, N2<O5, XeOF4
Chapter 8: The d- and
f-block Elements
Important Topics:
1. d-Block elements
2. f-Block elements
3. Actinoid
4. Lanthanoid Contraction
Read more : Important Topics and Exam Pattern of Class 12 Mathematics
Chapter 9: Coordination Compounds
Important Topics:
1. Coordination Compounds
2. Coordination Entity
3. Ligands
4. Coordination Number, Coordination Sphere
5. Coordination Polyhedron
6. Oxidation Number of Central Atom
8. Homoleptic complexes
9. Heteroleptic complexes
10. Werner’s theory
11. Valence bond theory
12. Crystal-field theory
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(Chapter 10 to Chapter
16)
Important Topics:
1. IUPAC Nomenclature questions
2. Name reactions: Important name reactions which have been asked previously are Sandmeyer reaction, Williamson synthesis, Riemer-Tiemann reaction, Kolbe’s reaction, Aldol Condensation, Cannizzaro Reaction, Clemmensen Reduction reaction, Hoffmann Bromamide reaction, Coupling reaction.
3. Distinction test: The distinction tests are usually asked between:
4. Aliphatic and aromatic compounds
5. Compounds having two different functional groups
6. Compounds having same functional group but different arrangement of atoms (e.g., 1°, 2°, 3°)
Quick Tips:1. Follow NCERT Textbook and Practice NCERT Solved Examples.
2.
Practice more and more Sample Papers Issued by CBSE.
3.
Try to solve Previous Years Question Papers with in Time limit.
4. Don’t
get stressed, eat healty and Stay hydrated.
All the best for your Board Exams!
“SHARING
IS CARING” So,Please take a moment to share these Important Topics and Quick
Tips with your friends. After all, Knowledge is the only thing that grows when
shared!
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